What is menopause?
Menopause is a natural stage of life when menstrual periods permanently stop because ovarian function declines.
Natural menopause usually occurs between 45 and 55 years.
Menopause is confirmed after 12 consecutive months without menstruation, when there is no other obvious cause.
The transition before menopause is called perimenopause.
Common menopause symptoms
Hot flashes and hot flushes
Night sweats
Irregular periods
Sleep disturbances
Mood changes
Anxiety or irritability
Vaginal dryness
Discomfort during intercourse
Urinary symptoms
Changes in sexual wellbeing
Long-term health considerations
Reduced oestrogen can contribute to loss of bone density.
The risk of osteoporosis and fractures can increase.
Cardiovascular health becomes increasingly important.
Maintaining healthy nutrition, physical activity and appropriate screening is important.
When to consult a doctor
Menopausal symptoms significantly affect daily life.
Bleeding occurs after menopause.
Symptoms are severe or persistent.
There are concerns about bone, cardiovascular, vaginal or urinary health.
